THE CHORUS REFORMATION IN MODERN PERFORMANCES OF ANCIENT GREEK TRAGEDY AFTER 1945: The Suppliants (1964) of Iannis Xenakis and The Persians (1965) of Jani Christou … p.1
Apostolos PALIOS
ANALYTICAL AND INTERPRETATIVE APPROACH: Yorgo Sisilianos’s Works for Two Pianos … p.19
Christina GIANNELOU
MY 20 YEARS LIFE TRIP: Between Katy Romanou and Rena Kyriakou … p.43
Lampros EFTHYMIOU
A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW AND COMPARATIVE STUDY: Musical-Poetical Structural Analysis of Greek Folk-Songs … p.67
Lorenda RAMOU
KATY ROMANOU S’EXPRIME: L’oeuvre pour Piano de Nikos Skalkottas à Travers une Co-Direction de Thèse de Doctorat … p.87
Nektaria DELVINIOTI-VASILEIOU
MANOLIS KALOMIRIS: His Relationship with Dr. Erwin Felber and Βéla Bélai in the Forties and the Fifties … p.95
Penelope PAPAGIANNOPOULOU
GREEKNESS IN NIKOS SKALKOTTAS’ CHAMBER MUSIC: An Analytical View of Issues of Modal and Idiomatic Structural Issues … p.101
Kostas KARDAMIS
A SCOT BARD IN EUROPEAN SOUTH: Dionisios Rodotheato’s Opera Oitona (1876) … p.139
Amine BEYHOM
ART MUSICS OF THE ORIENT: Or the Time for Recognition … p.147
English
Katy Romanou (Kaitē Rōmanou) was born in 1939, Athens and died in May 2020.
She studied at Indiana University where she was granted a Masters degree in musicology and pursued her studies at the University of Athens where she was awarded a Ph.D. in musicology. She was a music critic for the daily newspaper He Kathemerine (1974-1986), and was on the editorial boards of Greek periodicals Musicologia and Polyphonia. She was also a founding member of the Hellenic Musicological Society where she remained active until her death. Katy published extensively in Greek and English and contributed to many publications. She gave lectures on Greek music in the United States of America, at the City University of New York, Yale University, University of Florida at Gainesville and at the University of Missouri, St. Louis. She taught music history and music theory at several conservatories in Greece before holding a professorship chair at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (UoA – Εθνικόν και Καποδιστριακόν Πανεπιστήμιον Αθηνών), and later at the European University of Cyprus (Ευρωπαϊκό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου).
She was always trying to link people together through music and research, especially in her main fields of interest which were Greek music and the Byzantine world. Katy believed in the essential role of the Balkan countries in the shaping of the history of musicology and strongly fought to bind the Balkans to Western music history.
When we met her in Cyprus during a colloquium, we were pleased to discuss with her during the coffee breaks about several musicological issues and we understood at CERMAA how sharp her mind was and how much work she still wanted to achieve. It was with great sadness that we read about her death. Her loss was untimely for all but especially to the world of musicology.
French
Katy Romanou (Kaitē Rōmanou) est née en 1939 à Athènes, et décédée en Mai 2020.
Elle a obtenu son Master en Musicologie à l’Université de l’Indiana puis son doctorat à l’Université d’Athènes. Elle fut critique musicale pour le quotidien He Kathemerine (1974-1986) et membre des comités d’édition des revues grecques Musicologia et Polyphonia. Elle fut aussi membre fondateur de la Hellenic Musicological Society au sein de laquelle elle poursuivit ses activités jusqu’à son décès.
Katy publia extensivement en Grec et en Anglais, et donna des conférences et des cours sur la musique grecque aux États-Unis, notamment à la City University of New York, à la Yale University, à l’Université de Floride (Gainesville) et à l’Université du Missouri (St. Louis). Elle enseigna l’histoire et la théorie de la musique dans plusieurs conservatoires en Grèce avant d’obtenir une chaire de professeur à l’Université Nationale et Capodistrienne d’Athènes (Εθνικόν και Καποδιστριακόν Πανεπιστήμιον Αθηνών), et plus tard à l’Université Européenne de Chypre (Ευρωπαϊκό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου).
Katy favorisa toujours les rencontres intellectuelles entre musiciens et entre chercheurs, tout particulièrement dans les deux domaines qui lui tenaient à cœur, la musique grecque et le monde byzantin. Elle croyait au rôle essentiel des pays balkaniques dans le façonnement de l’histoire de la musicologie, et se battit résolument pour relier les Balkans à l’histoire de la musique occidentale.
Nous l’avions rencontrée à Chypre, à l’occasion d’un colloque, et avions eu le plaisir de discuter avec elle de divers sujets musicologiques pendant les pauses-café. C’est là que nous avions compris à quel point sa réflexion sur la musicologie était acérée, ainsi que l’étendue du travail qu’elle s’attendait encore à accomplir. C’est avec une grande tristesse que nous avons appris la nouvelle de sa mort, une vraie perte pour tous ceux qui la connaissaient, et plus particulièrement pour la musicologie.
NEMO-Online is delighted to announce the publication of issue No. 10, with three articles by Amine Beyhom (English), Jean During (English) and Hanene Gharbi (حنان الغربي – Arabic).
The article is a sequel to two already published articles, “MAT for the VIAMAP” and “The Lost Art of Maqām”, with 4 new video analyses and two explicative videos.
“[With this article and analyses, the author has] opened a completely novel way of scientific enquiry in musicology.”
The Tebb-e Dārā Shokuhi is a medical treatise written by a Persian scholar of the Mughal court. It includes a chapter on the art of music considered in particular for its therapeutic properties. The article highlights principal points of this text and identifies its many borrowings from earlier music treaties. The author, who was born in India, had the opportunity to compile these sources, which attest of the wide diffusion in Northern India of the Persian musical culture and of the Greater Khorasan.
The author proposes a stylistic study of the song “Anta ʿUmrī” composed par Muḥammad ʿAbd-al-Wahhāb and sung by Umm Kulthūm. Through techniques used by the composer along with Kulthūm’s interpretation, she demonstrates the coexistence within the song of traditional and modern elements. Additionally, she proposes the complete score of a performance of this song which is accessible on the web.
__________
Français
Nemo-Online a le plaisir d’annoncer la publication du n°10 de la revue, avec trois articles par Amine Beyhom (en Anglais), Jean During (en Anglais) et Hanene Gharbi (حنان الغربي – en Arabe).
L’article est la continuation de deux précédents articles par l’auteur, “MAT for the VIAMAP” et “The Lost Art of Maqām”, avec 4 nouvelles analyses vidéo et deux vidéos explicatives.
“[Avec cet article et ces analyses, l’auteur] a initié une méthode complètement nouvelle d’investigation scientifique en musicologie.”
Le Tebb-e Dārā Shokuhi est un traité de médecine d’un Persan de la cour moghole. Il comporte un chapitre sur l’art musical envisagé notamment pour ses propriétés thérapeutiques. L’article fait ressortir les points originaux de ce texte et relève ses nombreux emprunts à des traités de musique antérieurs. L’auteur, qui était né en Inde, avait eu la possibilité de compiler ces sources, ce qui témoigne de la large diffusion en Inde du Nord de la culture musicale de Perse et du Grand Khorasan.
L’auteure propose une étude de style sur la chanson “Anta ʿUmrī” composée par Muḥammad ʿAbd-al-Wahhāb et chantée par Umm Kulthūm. Elle démontre, à travers les techniques employées par le compositeur – alliées à l’interprétation de la chanteuse –, une coexistence au sein de la chanson entre phrasés traditionnels et modernes. Elle propose également la partition complète d’une interprétation de cette chanson accessible sur internet.
(Note: the link to the article is for the updated 2020/11/08 version)
NEMO-Online is delighted to announce the publication of Ozan Yarman’s new article entitled: “Search for an Optimal Tonal-System for an Authentic Turkish Soundscape: Weighing several theoretical models on Makam music against pitch-histograms”.
This article has been written in the best spirit of quantitative statistical works on the maqām, it borrows from the results of a previous paper written in collaboration by the author in 2009 in order to achieve better readings about temperament – notably for the instrument qānūn – so as to reproduce with greater accuracy, a maximum amount of pitches of the Turkish scale, in relation to each maqām of Turkish music.
While redacted in the author’s characteristic style, it unfolds significant speculations about a specific quantitative musicology while insisting on the qualitative differences between musicians and maqām of a similar tradition.
Additional material: Zip file containing relevant MS Excel files
Français
(Note: le lien ci-dessous donne accès à l’article dans sa version mise à jour au 2020/11/08)
Nous avons le plaisir à NEMO-Online de publier ce nouvel article d’Ozan Yarman intitulé: “Search for an Optimal Tonal-System for an Authentic Turkish Soundscape: Weighing several theoretical models on Makam music against pitch-histograms”.
Composé dans la veine des meilleurs études en statistique quantitative du maqām, cet article reprend les résultats d’un précédent article co-écrit par l’auteur en 2009 pour essayer de mieux cerner le meilleur tempérament – notamment pour l’instrument qānūn – à même de reproduire au plus près un maximum de degrés de l’échelle de la musique turque, rapportés à chaque maqām de cette musique.
Rédigé dans le style caractéristique de l’auteur, il déroule les spéculations vertigineuses d’une certaine musicologie quantitative, tout en insistant sur les différences qualitatives entre musiciens et maqām d’une même tradition.
Four Lebanese cantors of Byzantine chant – Fr. Nicolas Malek, Fr. Makarios Haidamous, Joseph Yazbeck and a cantor who preferred to remain anonymous – accepted to record (among other performances) the scales of the eight canonical modes of their liturgical chant for research purposes. Each of them is a renowned soloist and choir director in Lebanon.
Opening Screen of the video for the First Byzantine Mode
The complete results of the analyses of these recordings are proposed in the aforementioned book, while particular results concerning the first mode were presented on various occasions in Greece and in Cyprus, but also in France, Tunisia and in Lebanon.
The analyses in the videos are based on these presentations, which in turn were based on power point animations proposed in the aforementioned book.
Each video comprises a short theoretical introduction contextualizing the scales of the current mode within the general frame of the 19th-Century Second Reform of Byzantine chant.
Example of a slide with explanations on the scale of the First Byzantine Mode according to the teaching of Thrasyvoulos Stanitsas
Moreover, the first video (for the First mode) features a General Introduction which explains shortly:
The solmization of the Byzantine – and equivalences between Byzantine and Western – degrees of the scale
Byzantine chant solmization with transliteration and equivalences with the degrees of the Western Common-Practice scale
The accidentals used in the theory of the Second Reform (and in the Western/Byzantine notation proposed by the author)
Accidentals used in the theory of Byzantine Chant (19th-Century Second Reform) with equivalents in fractions of the tone (including cents)
The scores and literal notations
Western/Byzantine and literal notations of scales
(And) Explanations about the graphic representation of the results
Conventions used for the Graphic notations of scales
This 46th video-analysis of the VIAMAP series (but the 47th to be made public – see http://foredofico.org/CERMAA/archives/1433) features 3D graphic techniques as well as a short introduction explaining the scale used in the analysis. It is a demonstration of some of the possibilities offered by 3D handling of graphic analysis of melodies, on the example of a Huseynî Taksim performed by Neyzen Tevfik Kolayli, corresponding to track 11 on the CD 199 Kalan Müzik entitled Hiç’in Azâb-ı Mukaddes’i – Neyzen Tevfik (2000-2001).
Note that a preliminary version was published privately February 8, 2019 on the YouTube channel of the CERMAA.
Neyzen Tevfik performing on ney: from CD 199 Kalan Müzik p. 55
The last sequence preceding the end credits proposes the following text:
now imagine what it would be if we could… apply 3D graphic analysis and animation to all aspects and characteristics of sound stop, rewind, slow down the music and animation at will zoom in, zoom out, keep selected characteristics and look up each and all details from the desired point of view and, finally, apply all these to the analysis of multi-part music with each part shown separately, or together with other parts…
Amine Beyhom – “Imagine, a scientific fantasy”
A CERMAA production
Analysis, graphic design and editing: Amine Beyhom
Notes for the graphic representation
The pitch contour is shown as a black broken line in the 2D analysis, and in blueish color in the 3D analysis, with the relative intensity shown as a reddish (maroonish) line. In the 3D analysis, the pitch and intensity contours are showed in two parallel planes with a corresponding cursor for each of them. The graphic scale (see figure below) is based on on the conventional quarter-tone division (half-flat and half-sharp accidentals) and features to the left (and in the intermediate column) the names of the degrees of the scale: these follow Amine Beyhom’s proposed solmization (available as FHT 57 p. 245 in the article “MAT for the VIAMAP” by the author/editor – downloadable here, and below), namely, for the main degrees of the scale of maqām Rāst: rā = RĀST = c, dū = DŪKĀ = d, sī = SĪKĀ = e–, ja = JAHĀRKĀ = f, na = NAWĀ = g, ḥu = ḤUSAYNĪ = a, aw = AWJ = b– and Rā = KIRDĀN = c’ (C). The tonic (here dū) is relative with note names undergoing a change of the case of the initial letter with the change of octaves. Intermediate notes (ʿarabāt) are likewise given corresponding solmization syllables.
Explanations about the graphic scale used in the video
Copy of FHT 57 p. 245 in the article “MAT for the VIAMAP” by the author/editor: Extended solmization of the scale of maqām music. Columns from left to right: (1) Original (7 notes per octave) solmization proposed in 2012; (2) Names of the main notes of the scale (the burdāt of maqām RĀST); (3) Names of the intermediate notes between the burdāt (ʿarabāt); (4) Names of the intermediate notes between the ʿarabāt (tīk = raised, nīm = lowered); (5) number of the note in the scale of al-Ḥijāzī; (6) Extended solmization as proposed by the author; (7) Corresponding numbers of the notes in the “Modern” scale (Western-inspired on the base of the division of the half-tone in two equal parts). Note that RĀST equates with c while however not indicating a fixed (but a relative) pitch. Degrees tīk-KURDĪ, nīm-BŪSALĪK, tīk-ʿAJAM and nīm-NAHAFT figure on a gray background to underline the fact that the “Modern” theory of the scale does not acknowledge them: consequently, the intervals between adjacent notes in column (7) – the last to the right – differ one from another by one quarter-tone (theoretical). Lastly: the solmization of note NAHAFT was modified as to avoid creating a duplicate with the (main) note NAWĀ: KAWASHT is the equivalent of NAHAFT in the lower octave (below the RĀST). See also the tables in FHT 54 of the aforementioned article for a complete review of the degrees of the two-octavial scale of maqām music
Excerpt from the liner notes: [p. 51, 53]
Neyzen Tevfik Kolayli was one of the most interesting and unusual personalities of Turkish Music, and is remembered as one of its “legendary heroes”. He was born in Bodrum on March 28, 1879, and died on January 28, 1953 in Istanbul, at the age of 74. His life was a series of adventures that might seem startling or at least incongruous to the common person. He might be found playing his ney one day in the Grand Vizier’s mansions with the repose of a king, and the next day on the street, a handkerchief spread out in front of him, playing for drinking money. […]
He was smitten at the early age of 7 by the voice of the ney, and was so bound by his passion for this voice that it was the most basic element of his existence. From surviving recordings, as well as awe-filled testimonies of those writers who heard him play, we can gain some idea of how that passionate bond moved him.
Mehmet Ergün – Translated by Bob Beer
Video Analysis
Literal description of the performance
Note in the analysis below that s_a = “Analysis time in seconds”; s_v = “Video time in seconds”; “tpps” = “Theoretical Position of the Pitch on the Scale”; furthermore, the upper and lower cases lettering differentiates (the scale of) for example maqām Rāst (initial uppercase) from the (pitch) tonic RĀST (uppercase) and the polychord (or genos) rāst (lowercase). Further explanations can be found at http://foredofico.org/CERMAA/archives/1238 and http://foredofico.org/CERMAA/archives/1273.
Note also that, due to two factors which are the accompanying cello and the bad condition of the recording, all details of the analysis could not be reproduced and that the reproduction of the tonic of the scale performed by the neyist may – among other characteristics – be slightly influenced by the (lower) tonic performed with the cello (see figure below in which the tonic is too low around 70 s_a).
Frame showing the reproduction of the tonic of the maqām as performed by the ney (beg. 70 s_a), here influenced by the lower tonic of the cello
General analysis
On the general ascending scale of maqām Ḥusaynī
dū (d) 3344334 (in multiples of the quarter-tone –
concatenated) the performer begins with a jump of fourth from dū (d) to na (g) then to the fifth ḥu
(a) and ascends to the upper Ja (F)then exposes the
descending scale till lower Rā (C) (thus defining the span of the performance,
i.e. one octave + fifth, with exceptional rises to the upper Na
– G – at 130 and 137 s_a) while returning to the central ḥu
(a) and stabilizing around it with various developments until the return (at 51
s_a) to the tonic. Follows a display of the different subdivisions of the maqām scale and a display of virtuoso techniques, including an
extended (in time) portamento from (below) the upper Ja (F) to the upper dū (d) [111-119 s_a] followed by
developments on rā (c) (c. 130 s_a – probably a jins
rāst 433[4] leading to the upper Na – G), while returning to the main development of the scale
from 152 to 162 s_a (with modulations) followed by the conclusion of the performance
(164-188 s_a) on the tonic dū (d).
Parts I and II are balanced (about 80
seconds each) with a shorter (25 seconds) conclusive part.
A (more) Detailed analysis:
Part I from 0 to 79 s_a (77 to 156 s_v): The initial sub-part (I.I) of Part I of the performance consists in a development of the scale of maqāmḤusaynī with an initial jump of fourth from dū (d) to na (g) then a call from fourth to the fifth ḥu (a – 1-2 s_a) followed by a modified bayāt genos [ḥu – a – 33–4 + 33] resulting in a low rā in portamento to the “tpps” (“Theoretical Position of the Pitch on the Scale”) around 7 s_a (see also at 9 s_a), then a descending development of the scale from the octave tonic Dū (D) suggesting a būsalīk aspect of the descending na to dū (g to d) part [424 on dū=d] – because of the low na (g), ja (f) and dū (dū=d is frequently, if not systematically, lower than the tpps which confirms the handling of the maqām as a plagal maqām Bayāt centered on ḥu=a). Rise beg. 11 s_a at DŪKĀ– (t-zi=d–) in būsalīk [424] with always low ja (t-bū=f–) and na (t-ḥij=g–) – note also the low nā (g–) at 15 s_a. Then comes a descending development of the upper genos bayāt (beg. 16 s_a) with beautiful descending portamentos from aw+ (b) to ḥu (a) around 18 and 20 s_a, with a concluding first part (21-30 s_a) with a confirmation of the lower būsalīk on t-zi (=d–) closing on ḥu (26-28 s_a). Note: sī (e–) and ḥu (a) are here pivotal notes which remain stable throughout this first part.
The second sub-part (I.II) starts with a similar initial call from fourth to fifth while it however hints a lower na (“n-na”=t-ḥij=g– at 29.5 s_a) with a similar also hint of low rā (“n-rā”=t-ka=c–) rising to rā (c) at around 35 s_a – repeated around 37 s_a – during the development of the upper bayāt (ḥu=a 334). In the descending development of this genos undertaken by the performer beg. 37 s_a, a ʿaj=bb (“n-aw” is first hinted, then confirmed at 41 s_a in what becomes a descending nahawand (or būsalik) genos on na [na=g 424] extended below to the ja=f [ja 4424] which transforms it in a ʿajam tetrachord on ja=f (43-44 s_a) and back (45-49 s_a) to bayāt [334] on dū=d and a confirmation of ḥu=a as pivotal degree of the scale, and closing (around 51 s_a) on t-bū (f–). In both upper and lower part of the scale, for these two initial sub-parts (from 0 to 50 s_a), subtle changes in pitches and the use of portamentos create constant variations between the use of lower (than ḥu=a) bayāt [dū=d 334] and būsalīk [dū–=d– – or t-zi 424] tetrachords with a definite tendency to shift from “minor” (nahawand or būsalik) to “zalzalian” (bayāt tetrachord) with occasional hints of “major” (ʿajam tetrachord) aspects, the latter being underlined by the change in the accompaniment by the cello (from predominant ḥu=a to ja–=f–=t-bū) at c. 50 s_a.
While the third sub-part (I.III) starts like the first two with a na-ḥu (g-a) call, it concentrates at first (around 60 s_a) on the upper part of the scale with a development of rāst [433] on rā (c), immediately followed by a reaffirmation of the Ḥusaynī character of the maqām with a hint of rāst [433] on na=g (63 s_a) centered on ḥu=a and with a closing bayāt [334] on dū=d reaffirming the (lower, around 71 s_a) tonic of the maqām, followed (73 s_a) by a reversed jump from ḥu to na (a to g) and a brisk display of the ascending (from aw to Ja – b– to F) then (complete) descending scale, closing (78 s_a) with the dū (d).
Part II from 83 to 162 s_a (160 to 239 s_v): The different feeling of the second part (beg. 83 s_a) is announced by a jump of fourth from na to rā (g to c) with a development of the (upper) rāst [rā=c 433] and a rapid display of the (descending till lower Rā=C) scale stabilizing on (the upper) rā=c (93-94 s_a), then a variation stabilizing on the (upper) Dū=D with a pentachordal rāst [na=g 4334] closing (108 s_a) the first sub-part II.I. Follows (beg. 110 s_a) the second (II.II) sub-part which consists in an approach of the upper rāst [rā=c 433] from below the tpps with a beautiful rising then descending portamento from t-Bū=F– to Ku=Eb stabilizing on Dū=D after tackling the lower two degrees, and variations in the upper bayāt [Dū=D 33] beg. 120 s_a and a virtuoso display of the (descending then ascending) lower octave + 1 (reaching the lower Rā=C) scale insisting (around 127 s_a) on the unresolved (upper) rā=c and upper rāst [rā=c 4334] with a nearly continuous descending portamento from (upper) Ḥu+(A+) to (lower) ḥu–=a– (137-140 s_a) which shifts (140 s_a) to a trill between aw=b– and rā=c followed by a very short (in time) ascending bayāt [ḥu=a 334] stabilizing on Dū=D (142 s_a), and a modulation to kurd on ḥu=a [ḥu 244] from 143 to 148 s_a, suddenly modulating (with a change in the accompaniment) to rāst [433] on na stabilizing (149 s_a) on rā=c, followed (152 s_a) after a short silence by a būsalīk [424] on dū=d beginning (and insisting) on the central bū=eb, and closing with a double ascending call of fifth from (lower) Rā to na (C to g) then na=g to (upper) Dū=D (155-158 s_a) followed by a descending call of octave and a closing ascending call of fifth (159 s_a) from dū=d to the stabilized ḥu=a.
Part III: Conclusion from 164 to 188 s_a (241 to 265 s_v): The closing part is initiated by a jump of third (165 s_a) from na–(g–) to aw+(≈b) ascending to Dū=D followed by the display in portamento (167-170 s_a) of the descending scale of the maqām till the central (“plagal”) tonic ḥu=a then an ascending pentacordal rāst [4334] on na=g, followed (170-173 s_a) by the descending scale featuring a bū=eb in place of the ja=f, followed (175-183 s_a) by variations between būsalīk [424] and bayāt [334] on dū=d with a (pre-) final (ascending) call of octave Ḥu-ḥu (A-a) and a final descent (184-187 s_a) from the ḥu=a to the tonic dū (d at 187-188 s_a).
This 47th video-analysis of the VIAMAP series is an anniversary video to commemorate the beginning of video-analyses at the CERMAA. It features 3D graphical techniques as well as a short introduction explaining the scale(s) used in the analysis. It is a sequel to the 46th video-analysis – the first in the 3D series – the publication of which is delayed. It is also a 3D remake of the first video-analysis by the CERMAA, featuring an alternate take of Hurrian Song H6 performed by Lara Jokhadar and arranged by Richard Dumbrill, Amine Beyhom and Rosy Azar Beyhom in 2012. Further details are explained below (the scale) and in the video as such, as well as in the original post for the first video-analysis.
Explanations about the graphic scale used for the 3D video-analysis of Hurrian Song H6 3D performed by Lara Jokhadar
The last sequence preceding the end credits proposes the following text:
now imagine what it would be if we could apply 3D graphic analysis and animation to all aspects and characteristics of sound; stop, rewind, slow down the music and animation at will, zoom in, zoom out, keep selected characteristics and look up each and all details from the desired point of view and, finally, apply all these to the analysis of multi-part music, with each part shown separately, or together with other parts…
Amine Beyhom, “Imagine – A scientific fantasy”
3D video-analysis of Hurrian Song H6 performed by Lara Jokhadar: take 4 recorded on the 21st of October 2012 by Amine Beyhom
Research centres and groups CERMAA, ICONEA and IReMus are delighted to inform you that the main theme for number eight of NEMO-Online will be: Music as science or music as art? This question has brought up controversy for centuries. It seems useful to apprehend what is the current position of music and musicology about this conundrum.
Other themes are also proposed:
The concepts and terminology of musicology and their evolution
Variations on the linguistics of musicology. Have homophonic terms in various languages and different cultures the same meaning ?
Collation of a multilingual lexicon taking these linguistic variations into account.
Differing perceptions in different times and spaces for terms such as ‘heterophony’, ‘polyphony’, ‘monody’, or ‘diatonic’, ‘chromatic’, ‘enharmonic’, etc.?
Difference between ‘law’ and ‘rule’
Others
Musicology in the Arabian World aside countries having an established musicological structure such as the Lebanon and Tunisia.
Music and musicology in the Maghrib, countries of the Persian Gulf, Syria.
Byzantine and related chanting, such as syriac, coptic, etc.
Others
Common practice of maqām
The Mediterranean and the Balkans
Turkic and Persian worlds
Indian, Chinese and others
Beyond the Western Mediterranean
Articles for this issue will be published according to their evaluation and layout for the internet. NEMO-Online No. 8 will collate articles published and in the course of editing and will be printed in November 2020 as part of the fifth volume (NEMO-Online Nos. 8 & 9).
Languages an rules : click here.
Please send proposals for articles to Richard Dumbrill and Amine Beyhom before end of May 2019.
Deadline for papers: end of July 2019.
Additionally, the Editorial Board will consider special extraneous contributions as long as they fit within the general aim of the publication.
Previous volumes are available here. (Please note that Volume 4, Nos 6&7 is now available in print.) Individual papers are available from the Articles tab on the NEMO-Online site.
French
Les centres et groupes de recherches CERMAA, ICONEA et IReMus ont le plaisir d’annoncer le thème principal du no 8 de NEMO-Online : Musique en tant que science ou musique en tant qu’art ? Cette question soulève la controverse depuis des millénaires, et il semblerait utile de faire un état des lieux de la pensée musicologique et musicale à ce sujet.
D’autres thèmes sont proposés, sur le long terme, à partir de ce numéro et continueront de complémenter le thème principal :
Les concepts et la terminologie de la musicologie et leur évolution historique :
Variations linguistiques de la terminologie (les « mêmes » termes veulent-ils dire la même chose dans différentes langues ou différentes cultures ?)
Établissement d’un lexique multilingue et/ou d’un dictionnaire critique de la musicologie prenant en compte ces variations
Perceptions différentes dans le temps et l’espace de termes comme « hétérophonie », « polyphonie », « monodie », ou encore « diatonique », « chromatique », « enharmonique », etc. ?
La différence entre « loi » et « règle » dans différentes langues et à différentes époques
Autres
Musicologie du Monde Arabe hors pays ayant des structures établies en musicologie (tels le Liban et la Tunisie) :
Musique et musicologie du Maghreb, des pays du Golfe arabo-persique, de la Syrie
Chant byzantin et dérivés, chant syriaque, chant copte, etc.
Autres
Tronc commun du maqām:
Méditerranée et Balkans
Mondes turcique et persan
Affinités indiennes, chinoises ou autres
Au-delà de la Méditerranée européenne
Les articles de ce numéro seront publiés au fur et à mesure de leur réception-évaluation-préparation pour la publication internet. NEMO-Online No 8 rassemblera les articles parus et en cours de parution et sera publié en novembre 2020, comme partie du Volume 5 (NEMO-Online Nos 8 & 9).
Date limite d’envoi des articles : fin juillet 2019.
La rédaction acceptera également d’examiner des dossiers spéciaux ou des articles hors-thème, du moment qu’ils concernent la thématique générale de la revue.
Les volumes précédents sont disponibles ici, les articles individuels dans l’onglet Articles sur le site de NEMO-Online. Veuillez noter que le Volume 4, Nos 6&7 est désormais disponible en version imprimée.
NEMO-Online Vol. 4 Nos. 6&7 is now available for downloading (download link below) / NEMO-Online Vol. 4 nos 6&7 est disponible pour téléchargement (lien ci-dessous).
All pdf articles in this volume are available individually at http://nemo-online.org/articles and bookmarked for titles, subtitles and figures / tous les articles au format pdf de ce volume sont téléchargeables individuellement à http://nemo-online.org/articles et contiennent des marque-pages correspondant aux titres, sous-titres et figures.
Note that minor changes in the layout may occur between individual articles and the binded volume, due to the harmonising of the layouts between No. 6 and No. 7 / Les changements mineurs de la mise en page entre articles individuels et volume collaté sont dûs à l’harmonisation entre les deux numéros 6 & 7 suite aux améliorations apportées à partir du n°7.
Hard and soft copy printed versions to follow shortly / Les versions imprimées seront disponibles prochainement.
NEMO-Online Vol. 4 contents / contenu / ملخّص :
Editor’s letter / Éditorial / كلمة الناشرين :Evolution, problems and alternate propositions for musicology and ethnomusicology / Évolution, problèmes et proposition alternatives pour musicologie et de l’ethnomusicologie / التطوّر، المشاكل والحلول البديلة لعلم الموسيقى (موسيقولوجيا) وعلم الموسيقى
الإثنية (الإتنوموسيقولوجيا)
NEMO-Online No. 6 :
Amine Beyhom : “A Hypothesis for the Elaboration of Heptatonic Scales,” Near Eastern Musicology Online 4 6 |2017-05| p. 5–88.
Richard Dumbrill : “The Truth about Babylonian Music,” Near Eastern Musicology Online 4 6 |2017-08| p. 91–121.
Bruno Deschênes : “A preliminary approach to the analysis of honkyoku, the solo repertoire of the Japanese shakuhachi,” Near Eastern Musicology Online 4 6 |2017-08| p. 123–143.
NEMO-Online No. 7 :
Amine Beyhom : “MAT for the VIAMAP – Maqām Analysis Tools for the Video-Animated Music Analysis Project,” Near Eastern Musicology Online 4 7 |2018-11| p. 145–256.
NEMO-Online is delighted to propose this new article by Amine Beyhom on notational tools and graphical analyses of melody and rythm.
Musical notation has been reputed as disqualified for the analysis of “Foreign” musics since – at least – the experiments of Charles Seeger with the Melograph. It is nevertheless still used as the main analytic – and teaching – tool for these musics in most researches in musicology, and today in the teaching of these musics in autochthonous conservatories. Seeger’s experiments brought at his time cutting-edge solutions – and alternatives – to score notation but, surprisingly enough, these solutions seem to have not worked out very well in the long run.
Beyhom proposes a voluminous dossier including three parts and relying on the pioneering works of Seeger – and other ethnomusicologists – as well as on the improvements of his method that we have witnessed in the last decades. The first part expounds the past, and on-going debates about the (mis-) use of score notation as applied to “Foreign” musics, while the second part offers a retrospective of Maqām music notation. The third part of the dossier describes different tools of pitch and spectrum analysis which help understand – and listen better to the analyzed music while exposing, in fine, the author’s work and propositions for the implementation of video-animated analyses in the teaching of ethnomusicology as one major basis for this teaching. The dossier is accompanied by a short power point show (PPS) and 41 video-animated analyses (total time = 2 h 13 m).
Nous avons le plaisir à NEMO-Online de publier ce nouvel article par Amine Beyhom sur les outils de notation et d’analyse graphique de la mélodie et du rythme.
La notation musicale est réputée être disqualifiée pour les analyses de musique “étrangères” et ce depuis, au moins, les expériences de Charles Seeger avec le mélographe. Il n’en reste pas moins que la notation classique reste l’outil principal d’analyse de ces musiques dans les recherches musicologiques, et de leur enseignement dans les conservatoires locaux. Les méthodes de Seeger étaient à l’avant-garde de la recherche pour une analyse – et une notation – alternative des musiques traditionnelles mais, de manière assez surprenante, ne semblent pas avoir pris racine dans l’enseignement de l’ethnomusicologie.
Beyhom propose un dossier volumineux en trois parties, basé sur l’oeuvre pionnière de Seeger – et d’autres ethnomusicologues – ainsi que sur les améliorations de cette méthode apportées au fil des recherches par ses successeurs. La première partie retrace les débats soulevés par l’utilisation (ou non) de la notation musicale classique pour les musique non occidentales – notamment non semi-tonales – tandis que la deuxième partie est consacrée à une courte rétrospective historique de la notation de la musique du maqām. La troisième partie décrit divers outils d’analyse des hauteurs et du spectre d’une mélodie qui sont une aide à l’analyse – et à la compréhension, sinon à une meilleure écoute – de ces musiques. En conclusion l’auteur appelle à implémenter l’enseignement des analyses vidéo-animées de hauteurs dans l’enseignement courant de l’ethnomusicologie, comme outil principal d’analyse des musiques “autres”.
Le dossier est accompagné d’un fichier Power Point contenant quelques exemples d’analyse avec curseur se déplaçant horizontalement sur l’écran, et de 41 analyses vidéo dont le temps total s’élève à 2 heures et 13 minutes.
Rosy & Amine Beyhom participated in the 3rd International Musicological and Psaltic Conference on Psaltic Art of the Department of Psaltic Art and Musicology of the Volos Academy for Theological Studies.
The Conference took place in the Conference Center of the Holy Metropolis of Demetrias, in Melissiatika, Volos, Greece, between May 30th(official opening in the evening) and June 2nd(official closing in the afternoon), 2018.
Amine Beyhom presented a paper entitled “Theory and Practice of Psaltiki: Why do they not coincide?“, and assisted Rosy Beyhom for the recording of four Greek cantors who performed Kyrie Ekekraxa (by Petros Byzantios) and Axion estin (Anonymous).
The video-animated analyses of these chants will soon be published on our site as a further contribution to the development of alternative methods for the analysis of melodic music of the Mediterranean and around (maqām music).
